Research activities
The RES-NOVA project will hunt neutrinos from core-collapse supernovae (SN) via coherent elas- tic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEνNS) using an array of archaeological lead (Pb) based cryogenic detectors. The high CEνNS cross-section on Pb and the ultra-high radiopurity of archaeological Pb enable the operation of a high statistics experiment equally sensitive to all neutrino flavors with reduced detector dimensions in comparison to existing neutrino observatories and easy scalability to larger detector volumes. The first phase of the RES-NOVA project is planned to operate a detector with a volume of (60 cm)^3. It will be sensitive to SN bursts from the entire Milky Way Galaxy with >3σ sensitivity with already existing technology and will have excellent energy resolution with 1 keV energy threshold. Within our Galaxy, it will be possible to discriminate core-collapse SNe from black hole forming collapses with no ambiguity even with such small volume detector. The average neutrino energy of all flavors, the SN neutrino light curve, and the total energy emitted in neutrinos can potentially be constrained with a precision of few %. The RES-NOVA project has the potential to lay down the foundations for a new generation of neutrino telescopes, while relying on a very simple and modular setup..
The Cryogenic Underground Observatory for Rare Events (CUORE, pronounced [ˈkwɔːre]) is a particle physics facility located underground at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso in Assergi, Italy. CUORE was designed primarily as a search for neutrinoless double beta decay in 130Te, a process that has never been observed. It uses tellurium dioxide (TeO2) crystals as both the source of the decay and as bolometers to detect the resulting electrons. CUORE searches for the characteristic signal of neutrinoless double beta decay, a small peak in the observed energy spectrum around the known decay energy; for 130Te, this is Q = 2527.518 ± 0.013 keV. CUORE can also search for signals from dark matter candidates, such as axions and WIMPs.
CUPID-O is the first demonstrator of the CUPID project, which aims to build a future-generation bolometric experiment to search for the neutrinoless double beta decay (0νββ), a process that, if existing, can answer to some unsolved questions about neutrinos.
The identification of this nuclear transformation is very difficult because of its extreme rarity, therefore it requires detectors increasing in size and with background level (i.e. the signals that can mimic a 0νββ event even if their origin is different) very close to zero.
CUPID-O is the first 0νββ experiment using the scintillating bolometers technique, which allows it to achieve a sensitivity comparable to other present experiments, even if its mass is smaller.